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Host-pathogen-environment interactions

Host-pathogen-environment interactions

Research Question

  • Improved understanding of the host-pathogen-environmental interactions

Research Gaps and Challenges

  • Understanding the mechanisms behind increased pathogenicity observed with some H9N2 and H5N2 LPAI strains
  • Clades and strain and subtype differences complicated a single way to address the issues
  • Potential role of the vasculature in HPAI pathogenesis
  • Consequences for disease ecology in wild bird species of the wide range of avian species susceptibility of H5N1
  • Understanding why some duck species are resistant to infection and disease compared to terrestrial poultry
  • Are there better ways to cluster groups of viruses that behave similarly to have groups of solution?
  • Role of maternal immunity and vaccination in disease transmission
  • Role of scavengers (dogs, cats, birds) and carriers like rats in infected
    premises

Solution Routes

  • Increasing understanding of potential reservoir species at the human/animal interface
  • Monitoring of point-of-entry into high-risk areas (introduction of HPAI from Asia/Europe to Nigeria) via migratory waterfowl
  • Viral, host, and environmental factors that influence the risk of acquiring an HA multibasic cleavage site
  • Transmission experimental models for complex biological systems e.g., live bird markets, ponds where wild birds gather, bird feeders, sow
    barns
  • Quantify the transmission role of scavengers (dogs, cats, birds) and carriers like rats in infected premises

Dependencies

  • Standardization of pathogenesis/transmission models and experimental influenza delivery routes

Projects

What activities are planned or underway?

Protect wildlife from livestock diseases.

Planned Completion date 07/10/2022

Participating Country(s):

NetherlandsIconNetherlands

Dynamics of sustainability in integrated agriculture : aquaculture systems in the Mekong Delta

Planned Completion date 21/10/2024

Participating Country(s):

NetherlandsIconNetherlands