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Bovine Tuberculosis (bTB) roadmap:
Vaccines

Roadmap for the development of candidate vaccine for bTB

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2

Naturally attenuated candidates"] --> 21769["

1

Vaccine
    "] 21773["

    3

    Rationally attenuated candidates
    • ASafety
    • BDelivery route
    • CDelivery platform
    • DEfficacy in challenge model
    "] --> 21769["

    1

    Vaccine
      "] 21782["

      4

      Inactivated Vaccines
      • ASafety
      • BDelivery route
      • CDelivery platform
      • DEfficacy in challenge model
      "] --> 21769["

      1

      Vaccine
        "] 21786["

        5

        DNA/RNA vaccines
        • ASafety
        • BDelivery route
        • CDelivery platform
        • DEfficacy in challenge model
        "] --> 21769["

        1

        Vaccine
          "] 21791["

          6

          Subunit vaccines
          • ASafety
          • BDelivery route
          • CDelivery platform
          • DEfficacy in challenge model
          "] --> 21769["

          1

          Vaccine
            "] 21792["

            7

            Vectored vaccines
            • ASafety
            • BDelivery route
            • CDelivery platform
            • DEfficacy in challenge model
            "] --> 21769["

            1

            Vaccine
              "] 21776["

              8

              Attenuated organisms
                "] --> 21773["

                3

                Rationally attenuated candidates
                • ASafety
                • BDelivery route
                • CDelivery platform
                • DEfficacy in challenge model
                "] 21776["

                8

                Attenuated organisms
                  "] --> 21807["

                  9

                  Adjuvant
                    "] 21807["

                    9

                    Adjuvant
                      "] --> 21782["

                      4

                      Inactivated Vaccines
                      • ASafety
                      • BDelivery route
                      • CDelivery platform
                      • DEfficacy in challenge model
                      "] 21807["

                      9

                      Adjuvant
                        "] --> 21786["

                        5

                        DNA/RNA vaccines
                        • ASafety
                        • BDelivery route
                        • CDelivery platform
                        • DEfficacy in challenge model
                        "] 21807["

                        9

                        Adjuvant
                          "] --> 21791["

                          6

                          Subunit vaccines
                          • ASafety
                          • BDelivery route
                          • CDelivery platform
                          • DEfficacy in challenge model
                          "] 21808["

                          10

                          Expression system
                            "] --> 21807["

                            9

                            Adjuvant
                              "] 21809["

                              11

                              Vector
                                "] --> 21792["

                                7

                                Vectored vaccines
                                • ASafety
                                • BDelivery route
                                • CDelivery platform
                                • DEfficacy in challenge model
                                "] 21810["

                                12

                                Identity of protective antigens
                                  "] --> 21807["

                                  9

                                  Adjuvant
                                    "] 21810["

                                    12

                                    Identity of protective antigens
                                      "] --> 21808["

                                      10

                                      Expression system
                                        "] 21810["

                                        12

                                        Identity of protective antigens
                                          "] --> 21809["

                                          11

                                          Vector
                                            "] 21811["

                                            13

                                            Identity of virulence factors
                                              "] --> 21776["

                                              8

                                              Attenuated organisms
                                                "] 21811["

                                                13

                                                Identity of virulence factors
                                                  "] --> 21810["

                                                  12

                                                  Identity of protective antigens
                                                    "] 21812["

                                                    14

                                                    Identity of immunomodulators
                                                      "] --> 21776["

                                                      8

                                                      Attenuated organisms
                                                        "] 21812["

                                                        14

                                                        Identity of immunomodulators
                                                          "] --> 21810["

                                                          12

                                                          Identity of protective antigens
                                                            "] 21813["

                                                            15

                                                            Host responses to natural infection
                                                              "] --> 21776["

                                                              8

                                                              Attenuated organisms
                                                                "] 21813["

                                                                15

                                                                Host responses to natural infection
                                                                  "] --> 21810["

                                                                  12

                                                                  Identity of protective antigens
                                                                    "] 21814["

                                                                    16

                                                                    Identity of mechanisms of protection
                                                                    • AAntibody response
                                                                    • BCell mediated immunity
                                                                    "] --> 21810["

                                                                    12

                                                                    Identity of protective antigens
                                                                      "] 21815["

                                                                      17

                                                                      Host-pathogen interactions
                                                                      • AEntry
                                                                      • BReplication
                                                                      • CPersistence clearance
                                                                      "] --> 21811["

                                                                      13

                                                                      Identity of virulence factors
                                                                        "] 21815["

                                                                        17

                                                                        Host-pathogen interactions
                                                                        • AEntry
                                                                        • BReplication
                                                                        • CPersistence clearance
                                                                        "] --> 21812["

                                                                        14

                                                                        Identity of immunomodulators
                                                                          "] 21815["

                                                                          17

                                                                          Host-pathogen interactions
                                                                          • AEntry
                                                                          • BReplication
                                                                          • CPersistence clearance
                                                                          "] --> 21813["

                                                                          15

                                                                          Host responses to natural infection
                                                                            "] 21815["

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                                                                            Host-pathogen interactions
                                                                            • AEntry
                                                                            • BReplication
                                                                            • CPersistence clearance
                                                                            "] --> 21814["

                                                                            16

                                                                            Identity of mechanisms of protection
                                                                            • AAntibody response
                                                                            • BCell mediated immunity
                                                                            "] 21818["

                                                                            18

                                                                            Pathogen genome
                                                                              "] --> 21815["

                                                                              17

                                                                              Host-pathogen interactions
                                                                              • AEntry
                                                                              • BReplication
                                                                              • CPersistence clearance
                                                                              "] 21818["

                                                                              18

                                                                              Pathogen genome
                                                                                "] --> 21814["

                                                                                16

                                                                                Identity of mechanisms of protection
                                                                                • AAntibody response
                                                                                • BCell mediated immunity
                                                                                "] linkStyle default stroke-width:1px,stroke:#3bcaf2
                                                                                Lead Summary Challenges and gap analysis
                                                                                1 Vaccine bTb vaccine
                                                                                2D Efficacy in challenge model Validation of BCG efficacy
                                                                                2C Delivery platform
                                                                                2B Delivery route
                                                                                2A Safety
                                                                                2 Naturally attenuated candidates
                                                                                3D Efficacy in challenge model
                                                                                3C Delivery platform
                                                                                3B Delivery route
                                                                                3A Safety
                                                                                3 Rationally attenuated candidates Development of a novel attenuated vaccine allowing DIVA
                                                                                4D Efficacy in challenge model
                                                                                4C Delivery platform
                                                                                4B Delivery route
                                                                                4A Safety
                                                                                4 Inactivated Vaccines
                                                                                5D Efficacy in challenge model
                                                                                5C Delivery platform
                                                                                5B Delivery route
                                                                                5A Safety
                                                                                5 DNA/RNA vaccines Development of a DNA vaccine for bovine TB
                                                                                6D Efficacy in challenge model
                                                                                6C Delivery platform
                                                                                6B Delivery route
                                                                                6A Safety
                                                                                6 Subunit vaccines Development of a bovine TB subunit vaccine
                                                                                7D Efficacy in challenge model
                                                                                7C Delivery platform
                                                                                7B Delivery route
                                                                                7A Safety
                                                                                7 Vectored vaccines Development of a vectored bovine TB vaccine
                                                                                8 Attenuated organisms Genetically modified M bovis
                                                                                9 Adjuvant Identifying suitable delivery systems for subunit vaccine candidates and DNA vaccine candidates
                                                                                10 Expression system
                                                                                11 Vector Identifying suitable vector for the expression/delivery of protective Antigens
                                                                                12 Identity of protective antigens Establishing the identity of protective antigens of M bovis
                                                                                13 Identity of virulence factors Identification of the M bovis virulence factors that contribute to disease pathology
                                                                                14 Identity of immunomodulators To establish the identity of the immunomodulatory factors and stealth mechanisms operating in M bovis infections
                                                                                15 Host responses to natural infection Identification of the M bovis immunogens responsible for skin sensitisation to PPD
                                                                                16B Cell mediated immunity
                                                                                16A Antibody response
                                                                                16 Identity of mechanisms of protection To identify protective mechanisms in M bovis infected animals
                                                                                17C Persistence clearance
                                                                                17B Replication
                                                                                17A Entry
                                                                                17 Host-pathogen interactions Host Pathogen interaction in M bovis infection
                                                                                18 Pathogen genome